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The general safety measures taken during civil engineering construction.

The following safety measures are taken during civil engineering construction. (i) Suitable scaffolds should be provided for workmen. (ii) When ladder are used, it should be provided with foot holds and hand holds and inclination of one is to four (1 horizontal : 4 vertical) be provided. (iii) The scaffolding should be properly supported and shall have a guard rail property attached to it. (iv) Every opening in floor of a building should be provided with suitable means to prevent the fall of persons or materials. (v) Fencing and lights shall be provided to protect the public from accident. (vi) The excavated material shall not be placed within 1.5m of the edge of the trench or half the depth whichever is more to avoid collapse of sides due to surcharge. (vii) No undermining or undercutting shall be allowed. (viii) All roads and open areas adjacent to any side where demolition is to be carried out, must be closed or suitably protected. (ix) No electrical cable etc. shall remain electric...
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Project - The elements of a successful project - Tools available for scheduling & controlling project.


Project:

A project is a specific activity on which money is spent in the expectation of returns. It has a specific objectives, and has a specific geographic location and would serve a group of population while selecting a project, out of various alternatives, the decision is taken after careful consideration of cost and benefits.

A successful project manager must simultaneously manage the four basic elements of a project.

(i) Resources
(ii) Time
(iii) Cost
(iv) Scope

Tools for scheduling and controlling projects are as follows:

(a) Gantt chart
(b) Critical Path Method (CPM)
(c) Programme Evaluation Review Techniques (PERT)

 

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