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The general safety measures taken during civil engineering construction.

The following safety measures are taken during civil engineering construction. (i) Suitable scaffolds should be provided for workmen. (ii) When ladder are used, it should be provided with foot holds and hand holds and inclination of one is to four (1 horizontal : 4 vertical) be provided. (iii) The scaffolding should be properly supported and shall have a guard rail property attached to it. (iv) Every opening in floor of a building should be provided with suitable means to prevent the fall of persons or materials. (v) Fencing and lights shall be provided to protect the public from accident. (vi) The excavated material shall not be placed within 1.5m of the edge of the trench or half the depth whichever is more to avoid collapse of sides due to surcharge. (vii) No undermining or undercutting shall be allowed. (viii) All roads and open areas adjacent to any side where demolition is to be carried out, must be closed or suitably protected. (ix) No electrical cable etc. shall remain electric...
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Current Ratio & Acid Test Ratio


CURRENT RATIO:

It is the ration between current assets to the current liabilities.



Current Ratio = (Current Assets) / (Current Liabilities)

Currents assets includes cash, marketable securities, debtors etc., current liabilities consists of loans and advances, trade creditors.

ACID TEST RATIO:

Also called the quick ratio, the acid test ratio is defined as:

(Quick Assets) / (Current liabilities)

Quick assets are defined as current assets excluding inventories. The acid test ratio is a fairly stringent measure of current ratio.

 

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