Skip to main content

The general safety measures taken during civil engineering construction.

The following safety measures are taken during civil engineering construction. (i) Suitable scaffolds should be provided for workmen. (ii) When ladder are used, it should be provided with foot holds and hand holds and inclination of one is to four (1 horizontal : 4 vertical) be provided. (iii) The scaffolding should be properly supported and shall have a guard rail property attached to it. (iv) Every opening in floor of a building should be provided with suitable means to prevent the fall of persons or materials. (v) Fencing and lights shall be provided to protect the public from accident. (vi) The excavated material shall not be placed within 1.5m of the edge of the trench or half the depth whichever is more to avoid collapse of sides due to surcharge. (vii) No undermining or undercutting shall be allowed. (viii) All roads and open areas adjacent to any side where demolition is to be carried out, must be closed or suitably protected. (ix) No electrical cable etc. shall remain electric...
Post a Comment

The Puppose of Material management. Factors contributing significantly in material requirement planning.


Purpose of material management:

Material management provide simple tools to maximize profit to the company by reducing the material cost of the product. Importance of material management is necessary due to following trends:

(i) Globalization
(ii) Reduced time to market
(iii) Just-in-time inventories
(iv) Large variety/ shorter life cycles
(v) Responsibility

The main purpose of material management is cost reduction and efficient handling of materials at all stages.

Factors which contribute significantly in the material requirement planning are as follows:

(i) Master products schedule (MPS) file
(ii) The bill of material file, and 
(iii) The inventory record file.

The master production schedule file:

The file contains the master production schedule for each product. The MSP for a product specifies how much of the end product is required or is to be produced and when. This is derived from the aggregate production plan based on demand forecast customer orders, and capacity limitations.

The bill of material file: 

The BOM file list for each end products all assembles, subassembles componentsand raw materials necessary to produce the product.

The bill of material is an index of the parts that were used in the product. The following information should be included in the bill of material.

(i) The item number
(ii) The part number
(iii) The quantity needed in the assembly
(iv) The name and description of the component
(v) The material from which the component is made
(vi) The source of the component
(vii) The cost of the individual component

The inventory record file:

The file lists the current inventories and outstanding purchase and production orders for each item. The accuracy of inventory file is most crucial and is most prone to error. For example, if components are removed from the stock and used for operation, but this action is not recorded in the inventory record file, the company believe it has components that are really not available. This can cause to schedule subsequent production using non existant components. Ultimately, the schedule production will not occur due to shortages, and ordering of the needed components will be delayed.
 

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Kindly let me know, if you want to know anything.

Popular posts from this blog

HOW TO DEVELOP A NEW PRODUCT.

STEPS TO SUCCESSFULLY DEVELOP A NEW PRODUCT: Various phases for successfully developing the product are: 1. PLANNING: It is also known as zero phase since it precedes the project approval and launch of the actual product development process. this phase begins with corporate strategy and includes assessment of technological developments and market objectives. the output of this phase is project mission statement, which specifies the target market for the product, business goals, key assumptions and constraints.  2. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT: In this phase of concept, the needs of market are identified, alternative product concept are generated and evaluated and a single concept is selected for further development.  3. SYSTEM-LEVEL DESIGN: The system-level design phase includes the definition of the product architecture and the division of the product into sub-systems and components. The final assembly scheme for the production system is usually defined during this phase as well. The ...
3 comments
Read more

Four C's Model for Evaluate an Organization's Human Resource Management Program

Explain how the four C's Model can be used to evaluate an organization's human resource management program?   Four C's of Human resource management program given by Harvard Business School: 1. COMMITMENT: Every worker should be committed to his work sincerely in order to give best performance.  2. CONGRUANCE: The worker must work in harmony with his colleagues and management both achieve his targets. 3. COMPETENCE: For professional employees to develop competencies and inter-personal skills. Such as coaching, group process and problem solving are the important tasks for HRD programs. Competency in performing the job as needed to grow organizations in a global environment.   4. COST EFFECTIVENESS: The salary or any other benefits provided to employee by management depends upon his cost effectiveness to the otganisations. So employee must look for his cost effectiveness in an organisation.
2 comments
Read more

SWOT analysis and its importance in setting of objectives and planning of strategies in an organisation.

 SWOT Analysis: S stands for strength, W stands for weakness, O for opportunities, T stands for threats. It has been common to suggest that companies identify their strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and threats in the external environment. The SWOT analysis are based on the analysis of the external environment (threat and opportunities) and the internal environment (weakness and strengths). (i) The WT strategy aims to minimize both weakness or threats and may be called the minimum strategy. It may require that the company, for example, from a joint venture, retrench or even liquidate. (ii) The WO strategy attempts to minimise the weakness and maximize the opportunities. Thus, a firm with certain weakness, in some areas may either develop those areas within the enterprise or acquire the needed competencies from the outside, making it possible to take advantages of opportunities in the external environment. (iii) The ST strategy is based on the organisation's str...
Post a Comment
Read more